India Country Profile

Since the 1991 economic liberalisation that eased import restrictions and liberalised FDI policies, India has become a preferred destination for foreign investment, with significant investments in innovation, digitalisation, and modernisation across technology, manufacturing, retail, healthcare, and infrastructure sectors.

Over recent years, India has signed important trade agreements with Mauritius, UAE, Australia, and the European Free Trade Association (EFTA), with deals such as the India-EFTA TEPA committing USD 100 billion in investments and projected to generate 1 million jobs.

Competitive labour and land costs, coupled with expanding industrial capabilities, position India as a key beneficiary of global supply chain shifts away from China, with increasing domestic production of goods previously imported from China.

The fastest-growing export sectors are Electronic & Engineering Goods, and Drugs & Pharmaceuticals, supported by government initiatives such as Make in India 2.0 and Production Linked Incentive schemes. India is also the world’s third-largest mobile phone exporter.

India’s GDP growth of 6.5%–7.8% in 2025, together with a consumer economy projected to reach USD 6 trillion by 2030, positions the nation as a vibrant destination for market expansion and resilient business operations.

India produces over 1.5 million engineering graduates annually and hosts more than 1,700 Global Capability Centres.

By 2030, India is expected to add about 75 million middle-income and 25 million affluent households, with these segments making up 56% of the population. This demographic shift will position India as one of the fastest-growing consumer markets globally, with major cities driving consumer spending across the Asia Pacific even as growth slows in more advanced economies.